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Dingyuan-class ironclad
The ''Dingyuan'' class () was a pair of ironclads built for the Imperial Chinese Beiyang Fleet in the 1880s. As China lacked the technology and capability to construct its own armoured warships, they were ordered from Imperial Germany. Although they were completed in 1883–1884, they were not delivered until after the conclusion of the Sino-French War in 1885.
==Design==
Naval conflicts with Western powers earlier in the 19th century, during which European warships decisively defeated China's traditional junk fleets, prompted a major rearmament program that began in the 1880s under the viceroy Li Hongzhang. Advisers from the British Royal Navy assisted the program, and the first group of ships—several ironclad gunboats and two small cruisers—were bought from British shipyards.〔Chesneau & Kolesnik, p. 395〕 Following a dispute with Japan over the island of Formosa, the Chinese Navy decided to buy large ironclad battleships to match the Japanese ironclads of the and es then under construction. Britain was unwilling to sell China warships of this size, so Hongzhang turned to German shipyards.〔Wright, p. 50〕
The German ''Kaiserliche Marine'' (Imperial Navy) was completing the four s, and offered to sell China ships built to a modified design. Hongzhang wanted to buy up to twelve of the ironclads, but tight finances prevented an order of more than two ships, along with a protected cruiser. Rather than mounting the main guns in a pair of large, open barbettes as in the ''Sachsen'' class, the new design placed four guns in two rotating barbettes forward.〔Wright, pp. 50–51〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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